An induction coil transmits energy through a time varying electromagnetic field. When alternating current flows through the coil windings, it generates an oscillating magnetic field in the space within and around the coil. If a conductive metallic orthopedic implant is positioned within that field, electromagnetic induction occurs and circulating currents (eddy currents) are induced within the implant. Because the implant has finite electrical resistance, these induced currents dissipate energy as heat through resistive (Joule) heating. Importantly, the frequency of the applied field influences how energy distributes within the metal.



At higher frequencies, induced currents tend to concentrate near the surface of the conductor due to the skin effect, limiting penetration depth.



At lower frequencies, current penetration increases, allowing energy deposition deeper into the implant cross-section. This can promote more volumetric and uniform heating rather than surface-localized heating. Uniform energy distribution is particularly relevant in orthopedic implants, which often contain geometric transitions such as edges, corners, tapers, holes, or modular junctions.



We utilize a low frequency induction system.